Magnets and magnetism

Magnets and magnetism

Magnets have a magnetic field consisting out of a north pole and a south pole and are able to attract ferrous material, especially iron, but also nickel and cobalt.

There are different types of magnets and with different strengths.
There are permanent magnets like neodynium and ferrite and there are non permanent magnets like alnico and magnetised iron.

Strengths:
Neodynium is a very strong magnet.
While ferrite is a weaker sort of magnet.

Alnico (aluminium, nickel, cobalt) is a strong non permanent type of magnet.
And simply magnetised iron or steel aren't that strong.


Magnetite
Magnetite is a magnetic stone


Electromagnetism
 EM magnets


Compass
 A compass needle is partly magnetised and always points toward the north.


Diamagnetism
 A small neodynium magnet can be levitated above or in between bismuth.
 Pyrolytic graphite can be levitated above neodynium magnets.


Meissner

Magnetic levitation


Electromagnetic levitation


Maglev
 Maglev trains


Applications in electronics